低维石墨相氮化碳合成方法研究进展

As a non-metallic semiconductor material, graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) shows good application prospects in the fields of energy and environmental catalysis due to its unique physical and chemical properties and excellent photocatalytic performance.However, the disadvantages of bulk phase g-C₃N₄, such as low degree of polymerization, small specific surface area and few active sites, restrict its further application. The synthesis of bulk g-C₃N₄ into various low-dimensional structure is one of the effective strategies to overcome the above defects. Based on the above modification strategies, this article systematically introduces the main synthesis methods of low-dimensional g-C₃N₄ with zero dimensional, one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional nanostructures in recent years, analyzes the effects of different dimensions on the energy band structure, generation and transfer efficiency of photogenerated electrons and holes, light absorption capacity and photocatalytic performance of g-C₃N₄, and summarizes the specific applications of materials with different dimensions in the fields of energy and environmental catalysis. At the same time, it is pointed out that the current research work generally had some problems, such as lack of in-depth reaction mechanism, and lack of large-scale synthesis and industrial application. Looking forward to the future while strengthening the theoretical in-depth research, it is necessary to further expand the development of key technologies of g-C₃N₄ in the field of industrial treatment of wastewater and waste gas and that of carbon conversion in order to provide direction and guidance for the follow-up research work.