氨基功能化气凝胶二氧化碳吸附研究进展

The high-performance CO₂ adsorbents are not only significant for the global warming control, but also have wide applications in many other aspects, such as aerospace, energy, environment, etc. Amine functionalization of the porous materials is an effective way to develop high-performance CO₂ adsorbents, aerogel of which has interpenetrating nanoporous network, large specific surface area and well-developed porosity, and is an ideal candidate for gas adsorption. In this paper, the CO₂ adsorption mechanisms and characterization methods of the amine functionalized aerogels are introduced. Three methods, including impregnation, grafting and in-situ polymerization, to achieve the amine functionalization of the aerogels are summarized. The preparation technologies and CO₂ adsorption performances of these three classes of amine functionalized aerogels are reviewed. Finally, the strengths and weaknesses of the preparation methods and the corresponding CO₂ adsorbents of these three amine functionalized aerogels are discussed, and the application prospects and the future development directions of the amine functionalized aerogels are forecasted.