液态金属基可拉伸导电复合材料

Nowadays stretchable electronic devices have become a hot research topic in the field of information electronics because of their excellent mechanical and electrical properties. As the high-speed electron transmission channel in stretching electronic devices，stretchable conductive materials play a crucial role in realizing the functions of stretching electronic devices. Liquid metal has become a hot research object in the field of stretchable conductive composites in recent years because of its intrinsic flexibility and excellent conductivity. Liquid metal is a room temperature liquid conductive material，which exhibits excellent stretchability and tunability due to its inherent high conductivity，fluidity，and ductility. Liquid metal-based stretchable conductive composites preparation and patterning techniques have been reported and many stretchable devices with excellent combination of mechanical and electrical properties have been prepared. In view of the general structural characteristics of liquid metal-based stretchable composites，the key to the preparation is how to solve the interfacial non-impregnation problem caused by the physical property differences between different materials. Therefore，starting from the common types of composites，this paper firstly briefly introduces the components and physical properties of liquid metals generally used，as well as the stretchable polymer matrix materials usually employed. Then，the composite methods of conductive materials and elastomer materials in liquid metal-based electrodes are reviewed from the two ways of "passive" and "active" to deal with the problem of non-wetting at the interface，as well as the blending and dispersion method and the new modification method. Finally，the latest research progress is introduced，and the current status of liquid metal research is summarized. Future development and potential problems to be faced are also discussed.