辅酶自循环的氧化还原级联体系在生物催化过程中的应用：机遇与挑战

Oxidoreductases are one of the most widely used enzymes in biocatalysis process. It can catalyze under mild conditions with high selectivity and play an important role in chemical, pharmaceutical, agriculture and so on. Most oxidoreductase-catalyzed reactions require the nicotinamide cofactor. Due to the high cost of nicotinamide cofactor, large amount of usage is not practical for industrial applications. Thus, it is of great significance to develop efficient and economical cofactor regeneration strategies for the industrial application of oxidoreductases. Among the commonly used cofactor regeneration methods, enzymatic method is frequently used based on its high efficiency and environmental friendliness. Redox-neutral system is a special strategy for enzymatic regeneration of nicotinamide cofactors. It can be combined with multi-enzyme cascade catalysis to self-sufficiently complete the regeneration of nicotinamide cofactors without adding any co-substrates. It has the advantages of few by-products and high atomic economy compared with conventional enzymatic regeneration methods. In this review, the redox-neutral system is divided into four categories to discuss according to the sequence of multi-enzymatic cascade reactions. Based on alcohol/aldehyde dehydrogenase, the opportunities and challenges of the redox-neutral system in biocatalysis process are reviewed, which can provide positive ideas for designing a more efficient redox-neutral systems in the further.