Effect of TiO ₂ -rGO heterojunction on electron collection efficiency and mechanical properties of fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells

It is demonstrated that the incorporation of graphene materials into oxide-based photoanodes can greatly increase the photoelectrochemical devices' performances. In this work, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been incorporated into P25-TiO ₂ nanoparticle (NP) based photoanodes for fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cells (FDSSCs). Results showed that the rGO nanosheets have been uniformly dispersed within P25 nanoparticle layers, and, as expected, the incorporation of rGO increased the FDSSCs' short current density from 8.344 to 12.935 mA cm ^-2 , open circuit voltage from 0.775 to 0.798 V, resulting into their power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 3.940% to 5.364%. This large increasement in PCE could be due to two aspects, i.e. the improved electron transport properties via rGO and the enhanced separation of photogenerated hole-electron pairs via rGO-TiO ₂ heterojunction. Furthermore, the incorporation of rGO can also make the FDSSCs have good mechanical properties, which is very crucial for their future applications in smart wearable electronics. In addition, based on our analysis, a possible rGO/multi-NP coupling enhancement mechanism was proposed.