Microreactors with multivariate external force field used for the chemical process intensification

Microreactors have gained widespread attention in chemical processes due to their rapid mixing and heat/mass transfer, precisely controlled reaction parameter, minimal reagent consumption and intrinsic safety. With the development of scientific research and industrial applications in chemical processes, there is a growing demand for high photocatalytic efficiency, high electrocatalytic efficiency, extremely fast heating of reaction processes, and prevention of microchannel blockage. However, traditional microreactors have struggled to solve these functional challenges. The development of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation, microfabrication technology, and micro integration technology has contributed to the emergence of multivariate external force field microreactors (MEFFM), offering great potential in solving the aforementioned problems. This article reviews the relationship between the basic theory of designing and developing microreactors, the functional microreactors manufacturing, and the microreactors applications in photocatalytic reactions, electrocatalytic reactions, high-temperature reactions, and solid particle participation reactions. We hope it would provide an effectively guidance for the development of microchemical process intensification, from basic theory to engineering equipment, achieving potential engineering applications.