Perovskite-type Bi₃TiNbO₉ two-dimensional metal oxide as negative electrode material for sodium-ion batteries

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are viewed as potential alternatives to lithium-ion batteries, leveraging abundant sodium resources and a comparable ion storage mechanism. The demand for higher energy and power densities in electric vehicles and grid systems has driven the advancement of electrode materials. Oxides have been widely explored for SIBs due to their advantages. BTNO, a perovskite-based material, holds promise as a negative electrode in sodium-ion batteries thanks to its layered architecture, which promotes fast electron mobility and efficient charge transfer. BTNO synthesized using the solution-molten salt technique, demonstrates exceptional electrochemical characteristics, including a high specific capacity of 184.1 mAh g⁻¹ after 140 cycles at 0.1 A g⁻¹, outstanding rate performance with 117.7 mAh g⁻¹ at 10 A g⁻¹, and robust cycling stability over 1000 cycles at 10 A g⁻¹. These results open new avenues for potential applications of sodium-ion batteries in the future.