Recent progress in synthesis of andrographolide derivatives with anti-tumor activities

As one of the major active constituents in Andrographis panniculata (Burm. f.) Nees of Acanthaceae family, andrographolide is proved to possess a wide range of biological activities. In recent years, numerous studies show that the structural modification of andrographolide could enhance its anti-tumor activities. Therefore, according to the structural properties of andrographolide derivatives, five types of derivatives classified by different basic skeletons are denoted as the skeleton of andrographolide derivatives, the skeleton of 14-deoxyandrographolide derivatives, the skeleton of dehydroandrographolide derivatives, the skeleton of isoandrographolide derivatives and the skeleton of 12-ring replaced andrographolide derivatives. On this basis, the synthesis and anti-tumor activities of andrographolide derivatives are reviewed, and the structure activity relationship are also summarized preliminarily. The future trends of the derivatives research are discussed in the end.