Selective removal and utilization of copper from electroplating wastewater by modified MXene-based capacitive deionization

Kaixiang Jiang, Jianwei Zhang, Bin Xu, Zilong Han, Zheng Wang, Zhe Li, Jun Luo, Jie Zhang, Changhai Ji, Zhihao Chen, Wenzhong Yang

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Capacitive deionization (CDI) technology has promising potential for the removal of copper ions from electroplating wastewater. In this study, a new kind of FeS2 modified MXene electrode material with three-dimensional mutual support structure was synthesized, which has excellent hydrophilicity, electrical conductivity, and specific redox activity for copper ions. Therefore, this material was applied for the selective removal of copper ions from electroplating wastewater through the use of CDI. The FeS2/MXene electrode demonstrated excellent electrosorption performance, with an electrosorption capacity (EC) of 80.02 mg g−1 and a removal efficiency of 96.02 %. The electrosorption mechanism involves three synergistic pathways: (1) Faradaic redox reactions between Fe2+/Fe3+ and Cu2+/Cu+, (2) ion intercalation, and (3) capacitive adsorption. Notably, the material exhibited remarkable selectivity for Cu2+ even in mixed ion systems, with distribution coefficients exceeding 104 mL g−1. Additionally, Cu2+ in the actual electroplating wastewater was efficiently removed (99.97 %), meeting the water quality standard for metal plating and chemical coating process. Furthermore, the electrosorption-saturated electrodes with copper ions were reused as raw materials to prepare Cu@FeS2/MXene electrocatalysts for nitrate (NO3-N) reduction. The electrocatalytic efficiency of NO3-N was 86.9 %, and the selectivity for nitrogen (N2) reached 98.3 %. This study opens up a promising approach not only for selectively removing copper from wastewater but also for utilizing copper-saturated electrodes, demonstrating a sustainable and efficient strategy for water treatment and resource recovery.

Original languageEnglish
Article number132303
JournalSeparation and Purification Technology
Volume363
DOIs
StatePublished - 14 Aug 2025

Keywords

  • Capacitive deionization
  • Copper removal
  • Electrocatalytic reduction
  • MXene

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