Snow cleaning of substrates increases yield of large-area organic photovoltaics

Nana Wang; Jeramy D. Zimmerman; Xiaoran Tong; Xin Xiao; Junsheng Yu; Stephen R. Forrest

doi:10.1063/1.4754690

Snow cleaning of substrates increases yield of large-area organic photovoltaics

Nana Wang, Jeramy D. Zimmerman, Xiaoran Tong, Xin Xiao, Junsheng Yu, Stephen R. Forrest

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

30 Scopus citations

Abstract

We demonstrate large-area organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) based on boron-subphthalocyanine chloride (SubPc)/C₆₀ and 2,4-bis[4-(N,N- diphenylamino)-2,6 dihydroxyphenyl]squaraine/C₆₀ heterojunctions on substrates "snow-cleaned" with a jet of mixed-phase CO₂. Snow cleaning reduces particulates on the indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates, thereby reducing device shorts and shunt paths. Snow cleaning improves yield of 1.44 cm² SubPc/C₆₀ OPV cells from zero for conventionally solvent-cleaned substrates to ∼70%. The standard deviation of power conversion efficiency for a population of 19 snow-cleaned devices is ≤4.0%. By using a sub-electrode structure, we obtain a power conversion efficiency of 2.21%±0.05% for 6.25cm² SubPc/C ₆₀ devices, compared to 2.69%±0.03%, for 0.008cm² devices, with the efficiency decrease due to series resistance of the ITO.

Original language	English
Article number	133901
Journal	Applied Physics Letters
Volume	101
Issue number	13
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4754690
State	Published - 24 Sep 2012
Externally published	Yes

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title = "Snow cleaning of substrates increases yield of large-area organic photovoltaics",

abstract = "We demonstrate large-area organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) based on boron-subphthalocyanine chloride (SubPc)/C60 and 2,4-bis[4-(N,N- diphenylamino)-2,6 dihydroxyphenyl]squaraine/C60 heterojunctions on substrates {"}snow-cleaned{"} with a jet of mixed-phase CO2. Snow cleaning reduces particulates on the indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates, thereby reducing device shorts and shunt paths. Snow cleaning improves yield of 1.44 cm2 SubPc/C60 OPV cells from zero for conventionally solvent-cleaned substrates to ∼70%. The standard deviation of power conversion efficiency for a population of 19 snow-cleaned devices is ≤4.0%. By using a sub-electrode structure, we obtain a power conversion efficiency of 2.21%±0.05% for 6.25cm2 SubPc/C 60 devices, compared to 2.69%±0.03%, for 0.008cm2 devices, with the efficiency decrease due to series resistance of the ITO.",

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AU - Wang, Nana

AU - Zimmerman, Jeramy D.

AU - Tong, Xiaoran

AU - Xiao, Xin

AU - Yu, Junsheng

AU - Forrest, Stephen R.

PY - 2012/9/24

Y1 - 2012/9/24

N2 - We demonstrate large-area organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) based on boron-subphthalocyanine chloride (SubPc)/C60 and 2,4-bis[4-(N,N- diphenylamino)-2,6 dihydroxyphenyl]squaraine/C60 heterojunctions on substrates "snow-cleaned" with a jet of mixed-phase CO2. Snow cleaning reduces particulates on the indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates, thereby reducing device shorts and shunt paths. Snow cleaning improves yield of 1.44 cm2 SubPc/C60 OPV cells from zero for conventionally solvent-cleaned substrates to ∼70%. The standard deviation of power conversion efficiency for a population of 19 snow-cleaned devices is ≤4.0%. By using a sub-electrode structure, we obtain a power conversion efficiency of 2.21%±0.05% for 6.25cm2 SubPc/C 60 devices, compared to 2.69%±0.03%, for 0.008cm2 devices, with the efficiency decrease due to series resistance of the ITO.

AB - We demonstrate large-area organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) based on boron-subphthalocyanine chloride (SubPc)/C60 and 2,4-bis[4-(N,N- diphenylamino)-2,6 dihydroxyphenyl]squaraine/C60 heterojunctions on substrates "snow-cleaned" with a jet of mixed-phase CO2. Snow cleaning reduces particulates on the indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates, thereby reducing device shorts and shunt paths. Snow cleaning improves yield of 1.44 cm2 SubPc/C60 OPV cells from zero for conventionally solvent-cleaned substrates to ∼70%. The standard deviation of power conversion efficiency for a population of 19 snow-cleaned devices is ≤4.0%. By using a sub-electrode structure, we obtain a power conversion efficiency of 2.21%±0.05% for 6.25cm2 SubPc/C 60 devices, compared to 2.69%±0.03%, for 0.008cm2 devices, with the efficiency decrease due to series resistance of the ITO.

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DO - 10.1063/1.4754690

M3 - 文章

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VL - 101

JO - Applied Physics Letters

JF - Applied Physics Letters

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M1 - 133901

ER -

Snow cleaning of substrates increases yield of large-area organic photovoltaics

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