The application of pressure-driven ceramic-based membrane for the treatment of saline wastewater and desalination–A review

Ceramic-based membranes, known for their stability, mechanical strength, and anti-fouling properties, have garnered significant attention for their application in treating saline wastewater and ion rejection. As a green technology, the preparation process of ceramic membranes does not need to use a large number of organic solvents, showing the characteristics of environmental friendliness. This review comprehensively examines recent advancements and optimization strategies in the preparation of ceramic membranes. The discussion encompasses both traditional fabrication methods and innovative techniques such as co-sintering, the introduction of sacrificial layers, and 3D printing. Additionally, the review delves into surface engineering design strategies, including functionalized modifications and the construction of new separation layers on ceramic supports. These advanced designs, such as polyamide/ceramic and graphene oxide/ceramic composite membranes, leverage the strengths of multiple materials, resulting in enhanced separation performance, mechanical strength, and resistance to chemical and thermal stress. The review also highlights the recent ceramic-based membranes applications in saline water treatment. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of ceramic-based membranes are discussed in detail.