TY - JOUR
T1 - The Role of Defects in Metal–Organic Frameworks for Nitrogen Reduction Reaction
T2 - When Defects Switch to Features
AU - Khalil, Islam E.
AU - Xue, Cong
AU - Liu, Wenjing
AU - Li, Xiaohan
AU - Shen, Yu
AU - Li, Sheng
AU - Zhang, Weina
AU - Huo, Fengwei
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH
PY - 2021/4/22
Y1 - 2021/4/22
N2 - The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), a contributor for producing ammonia under mild conditions sustainably, has recently attracted global research attention. Thus far, the design of highly efficient electrocatalysts to enhance NRR efficiency is a specific focus of the research. Among them, defect engineering of electrocatalysts is considered a significant way to improve electrocatalytic efficiency by regulating the electronic state and providing more active sites that can give electrocatalysts better physicochemical properties. Recently, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), along with their derivatives, have captured immense interest in electrocatalytic reactions owing to not only their large surface area and high porosity but also the ability to create rich defects in their structures. Hence, they can provide plenty of exposed active sites for electron transfer, N-N cleavage, and N2 adsorption to enhance NRR performance. Herein, the concept, the in situ characterizations techniques for defects, and the most common ways to create defects into MOFs have been summarized. Furthermore, the recent advances of MOF-based electrocatalysts towards NRR have been recapitulated. Ultimately, the major challenges and outlook of defects in MOFs for NRR are proposed. This paper is anticipated to provide critical guidelines for optimizing NRR electrocatalysts.
AB - The electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR), a contributor for producing ammonia under mild conditions sustainably, has recently attracted global research attention. Thus far, the design of highly efficient electrocatalysts to enhance NRR efficiency is a specific focus of the research. Among them, defect engineering of electrocatalysts is considered a significant way to improve electrocatalytic efficiency by regulating the electronic state and providing more active sites that can give electrocatalysts better physicochemical properties. Recently, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), along with their derivatives, have captured immense interest in electrocatalytic reactions owing to not only their large surface area and high porosity but also the ability to create rich defects in their structures. Hence, they can provide plenty of exposed active sites for electron transfer, N-N cleavage, and N2 adsorption to enhance NRR performance. Herein, the concept, the in situ characterizations techniques for defects, and the most common ways to create defects into MOFs have been summarized. Furthermore, the recent advances of MOF-based electrocatalysts towards NRR have been recapitulated. Ultimately, the major challenges and outlook of defects in MOFs for NRR are proposed. This paper is anticipated to provide critical guidelines for optimizing NRR electrocatalysts.
KW - defect engineering
KW - electrocatalysis
KW - metal–organic framework derivatives
KW - metal–organic frameworks
KW - nitrogen reduction reaction
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85101142978&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/adfm.202010052
DO - 10.1002/adfm.202010052
M3 - 文献综述
AN - SCOPUS:85101142978
SN - 1616-301X
VL - 31
JO - Advanced Functional Materials
JF - Advanced Functional Materials
IS - 17
M1 - 2010052
ER -