WO₃ Gasochromic Materials for Hydrogen Leakage Detection: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

During the production, transportation, storage, and use of hydrogen energy, there are risks of hydrogen leakage and secondary derivative accidents. Rapid, accurate, and in situ measurement of hydrogen leakage has important academic significance and broad application prospects. This review presents the primary physical and chemical properties of tungsten trioxide and discusses the physical and chemical mechanisms of its interaction with hydrogen. It examines the gasochromic (GC) characteristics and patterns of tungsten trioxide materials of varying sizes and compares the advantages and disadvantages of current synthesis methods. Additionally, strategies to enhance the GC properties of tungsten trioxide are analyzed. To realize the development of low-cost, high-efficiency, and high-reliability tungsten trioxide GC materials, the future challenges and development outlook of tungsten trioxide GC materials were put forward finally.