基于三维多孔填料的聚二甲基硅氧烷混合基质渗透汽化膜研究进展

Developing high-performance pervaporation membrane materials is an important way to improve the competitiveness of pervaporation technology and realize organic solvent separation and recovery processes with high efficiency and low energy consumption. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is currently the most widely used membrane material through which organic solvent preferentially permeates. However, its separation performance is still not desirable. Introducing porous fillers into the PDMS membrane to construct a mixed matrix membrane is expected to simultaneously enhance the solution and diffusion behavior of organic solvent molecules, thus improving separation performance. Compared with one-dimensional and two-dimensional fillers, three-dimensional fillers have abundant connected and undirectional internal pores. Moreover, there are various types of fillers and functionalization methods, making them the most widely studied types of fillers. We review the research progress of PDMS mixed matrix membranes based on three-dimensional porous fillers in recent years, and analyze the characteristics of different types of three-dimensional porous fillers, the preparation methods of mixed matrix membranes, and the key influencing factors of their performance. The research challenges of PDMS mixed matrix membranes are also proposed, which is expected to provide a reference for the development of high-performance PDMS mixed matrix membranes.