碳化物衍生碳的制备及其应用研究进展

Carbide-derived carbon (CDC) is the product by removing the non-carbon elements from the carbide. It can be synthesized by various methods, such as halogen etching, supercritical hydrothermal process, acid immersion, calcium carbide reaction, high temperature pyrolysis, high temperature molten salt electrochemical etching and so forth, among which the chlorine etching method is the most effective. Due to the advantages of lightweight, high porosity, adjustable pore size, high specific surface area, diverse carbon forms and good biocompatibility, CDC can be used in electrochemical energy storage (such as supercapacitors, lithium-ion batteries and fuel cells), adsorption, biomedical and tribology fields. Many synthesis parameters will affect the pore structure of CDC, such as the type of precursor, reaction temperature, reaction atmosphere, reaction time, etching method and activation method. By choosing different synthesis parameters, CDC can be accurately prepared to meet the needs of different application scenarios. In this article, advances in synthesis methods and applications of CDC were reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of CDC in practical use were analyzed. The possibility of the commercialization of CDC in the future and five requirements that should be addressed were prospected.