高效分离同碳数烃的先进微孔膜：现状与挑战

Separation of hydrocarbon mixtures with the same carbon number by thermal distillation is one of the most energy-consuming processes in the petrochemical industry. The membrane separation technology can realize the reconstruction of membrane technology with low energy consumption due to the advantages of low investment and operating costs, high energy saving and high process integration degree. The advanced microporous membranes represented by zeolite and metal-organic framework materials have better separation performance than traditional polymers membrane, which can improve the permeability and selectivity by one or two orders of magnitude, and show excellent application prospects. This paper reviewed the progress of advanced microporous membranes in improving permeability, separation selectivity and separation process stability. The structure-activity relationship between the separation performance of hydrocarbon with the same carbon number and the microstructure regulation of membrane thickness, pore orientation, framework flexibility and intergranular defects was discussed in detail. The bottleneck problem of area scaling preparation of several zeolite films and MOF films for efficient separation of hydrocarbon with the same carbon number was analyzed, and the key role of homogeneity distributionof crystal seed/nucleation site in advanced microporous film scaling was proposed. Finally, it was expected to further accelerate the development of new advanced microporous membrane materials to cope with the diversified separation system in the petrochemical industry, and to increase the development of membrane technology to match the main process requirements in the petrochemical industry.