A two-phase segmented microfluidic technique for one-step continuous versatile preparation of zeolites

A technique for one-step versatile continuous synthesis of zeolites in a two liquid phase segmented microfluidic device was developed. This was conducted by forming the zeolite synthesis hydrogel micro-droplets in a continuous paraffin phase through pumping a silica solution and an alumina solution respectively into two closely-packed stainless steel capillaries positioned in the axis of a PTFE outer tube, followed by crystallization in the PTFE tube at 90. °C. The synthesis of zeolite A was carried out as an example to demonstrate the feasibility of this technique. The influences of the dimensions of the tubes, the reaction time and the flow rate ratios of silica and alumina solutions were examined. The synthesized zeolite A crystals were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The particle size of products can be controlled in the range of 0.9-1.5. μm by changing the flow rate ratios of silica and alumina solutions. The sizes of the hydrogel segments determine the mixing efficiency and control the crystallization process. Decrease in the dimension of outer tube or ultrasonic radiation can decrease the sizes of hydrogel segments, leading to improvement of the mixing efficiency, intensification of the crystallization process, and subsequent formation of high crystalline zeolite A crystals. Furthermore, metastable transformation of zeolite NaA to sodalite occurs with prolongation of the reaction time from 30 to 120. min. The technique developed in this paper can be applied in the continuous synthesis of other kinds of zeolites.