Comparison between the effects of protective layers on domino effect risk caused by fragments

Based on the plasticity theory, the domino effect risk caused by fragments was investigated in consideration of the three types of protective layers: the PVC resin, MPA, and IPBT. The effects of the risk reduction were explored and compared by using the Monte-Carlo simulations. The results show that the rupture probability of the impacted target, the average penetration depth to the target, and the risk of domino effects decreased, while the average penetration depth to protective layer and the rupture probability of impacted protective layer increased, respectively from PVC resin, MPA, to IPBT; Moreover, the greater thickness of the protective layer also could reduce the risk of domino effect. The better practice is the use of the material of the protective layer with larger strength and smaller ultimate strain to reduce the possibility of the domino effect initiated by fragments. The larger the strength of material is, and the smaller the ultimate strain is, the higher resistant to the fragment penetration the material has.