Effect of SDS on release of intracellular pneumocandin B₀ in extractive batch fermentation of Glarea lozoyensis

Pneumocandin B₀ is a hydrophobic secondary metabolite that accumulates in the mycelia of Glarea lozoyensis and inhibits fungal 1,3-β-glucan synthase. Extractive batch fermentation can promote the release of intracellular secondary metabolites into the fermentation broth and is often used in industry. The addition of extractants has been proven as an effective method to attain higher accumulation of hydrophobic secondary metabolites and circumvent troublesome solvent extraction. Various extractants exerted significant but different influences on the biomass and pneumocandin B₀ yields. The maximum pneumocandin B₀ yield (2528.67 mg/L) and highest extracellular pneumocandin B₀ yield (580.33 mg/L) were achieved when 1.0 g/L SDS was added on the 13th day of extractive batch fermentation, corresponding to significant increases of 37.63 and 154% compared with the conventional batch fermentation, respectively. The mechanism behind this phenomenon is partly attributed to the release of intracellular pneumocandin B₀ into the fermentation broth and the enhanced biosynthesis of pneumocandin B₀ in the mycelia.