Efficient enzymatic synthesis of mangiferin glycosides in hydrophilic organic solvents

β-Fructofuranosidase from Arthrobacter arilaitensis NJEM01 showed high activity and stability in 15-25% (v/v) methanol, 15-20% (v/v) DMSO, and 15-20% (v/v) ethanol with 91.2-99.7% total molar yields of mangiferin glycosides. The addition of hydrophilic organic solvents not only greatly promoted the solubility of the substrate, but also revealed a regulatory effect on mangiferin glycoside formation with increasing solvent concentration. Extraordinarily high concentrations and high yields of mangiferin glycosides were attained in the 20% DMSO solvent system from 47.6 g L^-1 mangiferin with β-fructofuranosidase using sucrose as the donor, which greatly simplified the preparation process. β-Fructofuranosidase showed an exquisite regioselectivity for C-glucosylflavone.