Electrocatalysts for the Formation of Hydrogen Peroxide by Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is a widely used strong oxidant, and its traditional preparation methods, anthraquinone method, and direct synthesis method, have many drawbacks. The method of producing H₂O₂ by two-electron oxygen reduction reaction (2e⁻ ORR) is considered an alternative strategy for the traditional anthraquinone method due to its high efficiency, energy saving, and environmental friendliness, but it remains a big challenge. In this review, we have described the mechanism of ORR and the principle of electrocatalytic performance testing, and have summarized the standard performance evaluation techniques for electrocatalysts to produce H₂O₂. Secondly, according to the theoretical calculation and experimental results, several kinds of efficient electrocatalysts are introduced. It is concluded that noble metal-based materials, carbon-based materials, non-noble metal composites, and single-atom catalysts are the preferred catalyst materials for the preparation of H₂O₂ by 2e⁻ ORR. Finally, the advantages and novelty of 2e⁻ ORR compared with traditional methods for H₂O₂ production, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the above-mentioned high-efficiency catalysts, are summarized. The application prospect and development direction of high-efficiency catalysts for H₂O₂ production by 2e⁻ ORR has been prospected, which is of great significance for promoting the electrochemical yield of H₂O₂ and developing green chemical production.