Electrospun V₂O₅ nanofibers as high-capacity cathode materials for zinc-ion batteries

Vanadium pentoxide (V₂O₅) has attracted significant attention in recent years as a cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs). Its unique layered structure allows for reversible intercalation of various multivalent ions, including Zn²⁺. This paper proposes a sol–gel electrospinning method for preparation of vanadium pentoxide nanofibers, followed by thermal treatment in air. The composition and structure of the obtained powders were verified by X-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive X-ray elemental analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, while the morphology of the samples was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties and performance of the electrode materials based on V₂O₅ nanofibers were studied using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods. V₂O₅ electrodes demonstrate high specific capacity (357 mA h g⁻¹ at 0.05 A g⁻¹) and good long-term cyclic stability.