Minireview on Application of Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials with Reversible Chromic Function: Advances and Perspectives

Microencapsulated phase change materials (MEPCMs) have been widely used in the fields of slurry, buildings, and textiles, because of their excellent durability, impermeability, and high thermal conductivity. However, the microencapsulation also makes the phase change process difficult to observe. In recent years, many scholars have attempted to add chromic materials into microcapsules in order to realize the visualization of the phase change process. This paper gives a brief review of extant chromic MECPMs and their applications. Three main types of chromic materials were introduced: thermochromic, photochromic, solvatochromic. Their specific classification and chromic principle are shown. The commonly used preparation method of chromic MEPCMs was presented. The current advance in applications of chromic MEPCMs are briefly discussed. The discussion covers several frontier areas of focus, including thermal control fabric, energy-efficient buildings, wearable temperature sensors, and low-temperature energy storage. A detailed analysis about the application effect and potential of chromic MEPCMs in these areas was given. This Review may provide a guideline for the future study about preparation and application of chromic MEPCMs.