Multi-targeting peptides for gene carriers with high transfection efficiency

Non-viral gene carriers for gene therapy have been developed for many years. But the gene transfection is generally limited by deficient cellular uptake, low endo/lysosome escape, and weak nuclear translocation. Some targeting peptides have been conjugated onto gene carriers for highly efficient gene delivery. These targeting carriers can overcome some of these limitations to efficiently deliver therapeutic genes into desired cells. In this review, we will summarize the recent development of multi-targeting peptide immobilized non-viral gene carriers for efficient gene therapy, especially for the targeting and suppression of tumor cells, and the transfection and proliferation of endothelial cells. The peptide functionalization of gene carriers is a promising strategy to promote the elimination of solid tumors and the rapid endothelialization of artificial blood vessels.