Palladium (II) Complex Supported on Magnetic Nanoparticles Modified with Phenanthroline: A Highly Active Reusable Nanocatalyst for the Synthesis of Benzoxazoles, Benzothiazoles and Cyanation of Aryl Halides

A well dispersed magnetically separable palladium complex (MNPs-phenanthroline-Pd) has been synthesized via the immobilization of palladium (II) complex on the surface of silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles modified with phenanthroline ligand. The as-fabricated MNPs-phenanthroline-Pd nanocatalyst was well characterized a series of spectroscopic techniques including FT-IR, SEM, TEM, EDX, TGA, XRD, VSM, AAS and ICP-OES. The SEM and TEM images of MNPs-phenanthroline-Pd at different magnification show that the catalyst is formed of nanometer-sized particles. The MNPs-phenanthroline-Pd nanocomposite was found to be an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of benzoxazoles, benzothiazoles and cyanation of aryl halides. The high efficiency and the ability to be recovered and reused for at least up to seven consecutive runs are some superior properties of the catalyst. SEM images of reused catalyst confirmed that there was no significant change in the morphology and dispersion of the particles. Graphical Abstract: MNPs- phenanthroline-Pd catalyzed synthesis of benzoxazoles,benzothiazoles and nitriles [Figure not available: see fulltext.].