Tunable lanthanum doping in double perovskite films for read-only memory

Rare earth ions have been widely investigated as active dopants in various materials because of their distinct optical, electronic and magnetic properties. Halide perovskite resistive memories have attracted increasingly recent interest for tremendous potential applications in computation and data storage techniques. However, it remains unexplored to implement rare earth doping strategy for tuning perovskite resistive memories. Here, we report read-only memories based on environment-friendly and air-stable lead-free double perovskite Cs₂AgBiBr₆ films, which is particularly tuned by rare earth La³⁺ doping. We use the vacuum sublimation and solution processing method to obtain Cs₂AgBiBr₆ crystals doped by different content La³⁺, and fabricate resistive memory devices based on doped Cs₂AgBiBr₆ films. The simplest sandwich-like structure composed of ITO/La-doped-Cs₂AgBiBr₆/Ag only is designed in cross-bar array architecture with high-integration and simple operation. The resistive memory device of La-doped Cs₂AgBiBr₆ films demonstrate a typical write-once-read-many-times (WORM) behavior with low onset voltage of 1 V and long retention time of 12000 s. In particular, the ON/OFF ratio of the La-doped Cs₂AgBiBr₆ film is 100 times higher than that of the undoped Cs₂AgBiBr₆ film. This study provides a new insight to design and manipulate memory devices based on lead-free halide perovskite materials through doping effect of rare earth ions.