Two-dimensional Fe₃O₄-MnO₂ hollow fiber ceramic membrane for hybrid catalytic ozonation-membrane filtration process for TCH degradation

In this work, a novel 2D Fe₃O₄-MnO₂ hollow fiber ceramic membrane (HFCM) with both excellent separation performance and high catalytic activity was constructed. The Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were deposited on 2D MnO₂ nanoplates to increase the Mn³⁺ content, and then the nanoplates were pressure-driven and sintered on the surface of the hollow fiber ceramic supports to obtain 2D Fe₃O₄-MnO₂-HFCMs. Electron spin resonance analysis confirmed that hydroxyl radicals and superoxide radicals played a major role in oxidative degradation and tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) removal was 86.9 %. Noteworthily, TCH was concentrated on the membrane interface due to the concentration polarization effect, which increases the probability of binding free radicals from the catalytic membrane layer, thus enhancing the catalytic performance and the anti-fouling capability of the membrane. The 2D Fe₃O₄-MnO₂-HFCM can be applied in wastewater treatment due to its superior catalytic ozonation activity and high separation performance.