材料介导细胞固定化技术在生物发酵中的应用

Cell immobilization technology, characterized by its high efficiency, simple reaction operation, long-term cell viability, repeatability, good stability and high tolerance, has shown great application potential in the field of biological fermentation industry. In this paper, the research progress of polymer carrier materials, inorganic carrier materials and composite carrier materials in the field of biological fermentation was reviewed. The differences in growth metabolic property between free and immobilized cells in a complex environment, such as low or high pH, toxic substrate and high concentration products were analyzed. In addition, the advantages and applications of new polymer membrane materials (hollow fiber membrane and micro/nano fiber membrane) as carriers in biological fermentation were also described. Finally, the controllability and robustness of the artificial microbial system in biological fermentation were prospected by designing excellent polymer carriers. The results showed that materials as active and tunable components at the interface of living and nonliving matter offer a suitable microenvironment for cells, which will be more widely used in the field of biological fermentation in the future.