Advanced perovskite anodes for solid oxide fuel cells: A review

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are at the frontline of clean energy generation technologies to convert chemical energy to electricity with high efficiency. In recent years, because of their fuel flexibility, multiple fuels are fed in anode, e.g., hydrogen, ammonia, hydrocarbons, solid carbon, etc.; in addition, these fuels are always mixed with a certain amount of H₂S. Perovskite is one of the most important classes of anode materials being investigated in laboratories, these materials to some extent are immune to coke formation and sulfur poisoning when using hydrocarbon fuels, and retain inherent stability upon reduction and oxidation cycling. In this review, recent developments in perovskite anode materials are summarized and future prospects are discussed.