Graphene-based membranes for pervaporation processes

Two-dimensional graphene and its derivatives exhibiting distinct physiochemical properties are intriguing building blocks for researchers from a large variety of scientific fields. Assembling graphene-based materials into membrane layers brings great potentials for high-efficiency membrane processes. Particularly, pervaporation by graphene-based membranes has been intensively studied with respect to the membrane design and preparation. This review aims to provide an overview on the graphene-based membranes for pervaporation processes ranged from fabrication to application. Physical or chemical decoration of graphene-based materials is elaborated regarding their effects on the microstructure and performance. The mass transport of pervaporation through graphene-based membranes is introduced, and relevant mechanisms are described. Furthermore, performances of state-of-the-art graphene-based membranes for different pervaporation applications are summarized. Finally, the perspectives of current challenges and future directions are presented.