Prediction of Flame Length of Horizontal Hydrogen Jet Fire during High-pressure Leakage Process

In recent years, jet fire accidents caused by gas tank or pipe leakage are often reported to cause more serious losses and even induce a series of other accidents, especially for high pressure jet fires. This paper presents an integrated model which couples the leakage process model of Abel-Noble equation of state (AN-EOS), the notional nozzle model and the flame size (flame length and lift-off height) model. The model can be used to predict the variation of jet flame length induced by the unsteady leakage of high pressure flammable gas. The lift-off height correlation is proposed after a review on the jet fire behavior, and then the AN-EOS leakage process model is evaluated through a testing on the vessel gas pressure variation against the measurement in literature. The integrated model is finally evaluated through a testing on the variation of flame length with vessel gas pressure against the measurement in literature. Results indicate that the integrated model is applicable for jet flame length prediction. More experimental data on high pressure horizontal hydrogen jet fires is needed for evaluation and validity of the integrated model.